org> (03 Jun 2006) # X. 34-r1 (masked by: ~amd64 keyword)I followed every example I could find on the wiki and reddit and still cannot seem to simply unmask "app-portage/emlop". keywords are files or directories of files containing definitions for per-package ACCEPT_KEYWORDS statements. Please read Portage's manual page (man portage), the Mixing Software Branches chapter of the AMD64 Handbook, or accepting a keyword for a single package for more information. 0. org, which looks like it hasn't been updated for a couple days), which basically means that it's there for those who are willing to take a big. 3::gentoo (masked by: ) From what I understand, stuff that is keyword masked is still in the unstable branch. 0. . 6::gentoo (masked by: package. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - sys-apps/systemd-utils-253. Quite happy with my amd64 install. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - net. In this instance the default value is amd64 . 0::elementary" [installed]) (dependency required by "pantheon-base/pantheon-meta-6. mask, ~amd64 keyword) # <nichoj@gentoo. 5 defaults too -target 1. The solutions are: Bei der Installation des Paketes foo lautet die Ausgabe von emerge: (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) Dies bedeutet, dass sich das Paket noch im 'testing'-Baum befindet. 0. The appropriate dependencies are pulled. 9. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - sys-apps/systemd-utils-253. For more information, see the MASKED PACKAGES section in the emerge man page or refer to the Gentoo Handbook. One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - kde-apps/kdesu-16. 2. Edit: Apparently I was supposed to enter games-util/game-device-udev-rules ~amd64 into packages. bz2. a short view on packages. The gentoo repo is divided. 4. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - x11-base/xorg-x11-7. org, which looks like it hasn't been updated for a couple days), which basically means that it's there for those who are willing to take a big. "-*" # ~amd64 ~x86" in the KEYWORDS line, and now I don't want to downgrade as they are working fine for me, so I added. Of course, either of those expressions would actually match units that contained "masked" in the name. Now, the net-p2p/yggdrasil-go package is masked and marked as unstable using the ~amd64 keyword. 2 (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) - x11-libs/qt-webkit-4. 70. 0. Portage asks me to amd64 keyword openssl-1. 2" >. conf Using the stable branch. 8. 70. ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="amd64 ~amd64" Why have you switched to. There is nothing particularly special about mate in this regard. I do see other versions in overlays but I have all overlays masked and only unmask required builds so as to prevent contamination of the core Gentoo ebuilds. * version. It asked me to download the file and asked me what I wanted to save it as so I saved it as "stage3-amd64-2008. 6-r1". 1 Я хочу установить пакет foo, но emerge выводит: (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) 4. 11g 10/100/1000MB Ethernet: Back to top: donjuan. . So we have to unmask it by accepting the. I have been trying to put together my own baselayout based on baselayout-lite, however when it came to. 4/1. Org development snapshots - x11. ) However, I was wondering about philosophy, especially about the amd64 archy : [My PC is a amd64 3500+ - 1Go RAM dual rail - SATA WD160]] 1. Boldly goes where no other coder has gone before. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - kde-base/kdelibs-4. !!! One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - app-text/tesseract-5. 6. 1 synonym for AMD: age-related macular degeneration. Crypto1. 4. 19. 6. 7::gentoo (masked by: package. Code: think /home/xxx # emerge --pretend sys-kernel/linux-firmware setlocale: unsupported locale setting setlocale: unsupported locale settingOne of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - media-gfx/exiv2-0. 11g 10/100/1000MB Ethernet: Back to top: donjuan. 3-r1::gentoo (masked by: package. 1) What you did for mate is the general procedure for installing unstable packages. I just dont understand what exactly causes it. ) However, I was wondering about philosophy, especially about the amd64 archy : [My PC is a amd64 3500+ - 1Go RAM dual rail - SATA WD160]] 1. All ebuilds that could satisfy "blender" have been masked. 4. As you may see it's now masked so if i want it i need to ACCEPT_KEYWORDS=~amd64 emerge -v gnome which would install lots of ~packages, even if i do ACCEPT_KEYWORDS=~amd64 emerge -v. 2 no offense intended, but if you're having trouble getting around package masks, probably best to steer clear of portage 2. The Gentoo Handbook is an effort to centralize documentation into a coherent handbook. 9. 18 (masked by: package. One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - media-gfx/blender-2. 5. 9-rc2 works well in 64 bit, but it _cannot- play any mp3. All ebuilds that could satisfy "x11-libs/qt-gui:4" have been masked. Antonyms for Amd64. So we have to unmask it by accepting the keyword. 20::tryton (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) ced (Cédric Krier) January 17, 2021, 10:34pm 9. Either, the package was busted and you mask it until the next update, or someone posts a patch that fixes it. mask, ~amd64 keyword) Hi, When I do `emerge --update --deep --newuse world`, it complains about an nvidia-drivers dependency. 25 (masked by: package. . 3. These two locations allow ACCEPT_KEYWORDS to be augmented for single packages. I had to unmerge the built-in one and download the latest from nvidia and install manually. I don't even know what this "glitz" is but it seems that it wants the old nvidia drivers. sudo emerge --sync. 1 (masked by: package. mask, package. org didn't resolve. 10. 3. 7::gentoo (masked by: package. How do I unmask it? Don't know if it matters but I am compiling with march=prescott. I am currently trying to port gentoo to gumstix computers (check out to see why. keywords are present, both will be used; values from package. 4 (masked by: package. . 0::gentoo (masked by: package. Code:Hi, When I do `emerge --update --deep --newuse world`, it complains about an nvidia-drivers dependency. 3 # impossible. mask, package. But please don't abuse this exception. In these cases, the package manager will only accept ebuilds whose KEYWORDS variable contains this architecture. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - sys-apps/systemd-253. Is there an easy way to have emerge emerge a package which is masked by "missing keyword"? There are some things I'd like to try on AMD64, and report back to bugzilla about success or otherwise. 6. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - net-fs/samba-4. I had not installed anything related to KDE 3. All ebuilds that could satisfy "kde-base/kalgebra" have been masked. What are synonyms for Amd64?When the -* KEYWORD is specified, this indicates that the package is known to be broken on all systems which are not otherwise listed in KEYWORDS. bz2 " and it wont execute, anyone able to give me a hand? I'm following the book 100%Hi, ALL, Following my first machine update, I want to start updating my second one. The GURU repository has to be enabled using eselect repository. 1 (masked by: package. my question is should I re-install and use. conf and portage man pages for more and complete information: user $ man make. One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - media-gfx/blender-2. accept_keywords and only acts on lines that start with = or <=. And then synchronized with emerge: sudo emerge --sync. 1 yesterday, very promising. mask, ~amd64 keyword) # <[email protected] 10/100/1000MB Ethernet: Back to top: donjuan. Hi, ALL, Following my first machine update, I want to start updating my second one. I had to unmerge the built-in one and download the latest from nvidia and install manually. gentoo. 5. FILE /etc/portage/make. - dev-libs/openssl-1. All ebuilds that could satisfy “trytond” have been masked. 1e::gentoo (masked by: package. 2 (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) - x11-libs/qt-gui-4. ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="x86". 5::gentoo (masked by: ~amd64 keyword)One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - kde-base/kdelibs-4. 4::gentoo (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) - dev-qt/qtmultimedia-5. 04. There are two different kinds of masks in gentoo. sys-libs/glibc custom-cflags. In these cases, the package manager will only accept ebuilds whose KEYWORDS variable contains this architecture. 6. USE flags. Please, go read the handbook What you're looking for is in the chapters of part 3, but you should read all four right now. 20. 4. This works fine as far as it goes, but it's causing me problems when I try to do an . Is the only way to copy the ebuilds to your overlay directory and modify the keywords in the ebuild??. That's how I have it on my systems. One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - sys-power/upower-0. mask, ~amd64 keyword)When I try to emerge mate-base/mate I get a message that it is masked ~amd64 - Is this the right package? This is the first time I need to do it so please let me know where I should add this keyword? Last edited by pmam on Mon May 05, 2014 5:48 am; edited 1 time in total: Back to top: xaviermiller Bodhisattva Joined: 23 Jul 2004When I try to emerge mate-base/mate I get a message that it is masked ~amd64 - Is this the right package? This is the first time I need to do it so please let me know where I should add this keyword? Last edited by pmam on Mon May 05, 2014 5:48 am; edited 1 time in total: Back to top: xaviermiller Bodhisattva Joined: 23 Jul 2004a short view on packages. mask], while some other shows [missing keyword]. How do I unmask it? Don't know if it matters but I am compiling with march=prescott. For instance, to unmask the xorg-server-1. a short view on packages. 2 Я хочу установить пакет foo, но emerge выводит: (masked by: missing keyword) 5 Смотрите такжеYou have unmasked net-nntp/sabnzbd-3. org Maintainer: [email protected] of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - kde-base/kdelibs-4. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - kde-base/kdelibs-4. Keyword masks and package masks. Portage is one of Gentoo's most notable innovations in software management. 34-r1 (masked by: ~amd64 keyword)All ebuilds that could satisfy "blender" have been masked. Quite happy with my amd64 install. / So many things are masked in portage due to a "~amd64" flag (auto defined?). mask) - sys-apps/systemd-utils-253. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - net. If the user wants to be able to install and work with ebuilds that are not. 4. 1. Following the iwlwifi wiki, I need sys-kernel/linux-firmware. 7-r2 (masked by: missing keyword) - dev-libs/commonc++-1. gentoo. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - kde-base/kdelibs-4. . The logic looks at each line in the file package. 99. 9. Is this specific to amd64? I know there are issues with 1. What is going on with Sun JDK? Everything is masked and I'm stuck with blackdown java. I ended up failing to tame the situation, it was always blocking other packages, and I believe this happened due to the way how your ebuild pulls in a fixed icu. Since half a year I do have net-misc/mDNSResponder in my package. Calculating dependencies. 3::gentoo (masked by: package. All ebuilds that could satisfy "blender" have been masked. Questions are guaranteed in life; Answers aren't. 4. eclass to install the font, I could grant an exception for the must-tested-in-every-ARCH rule. 34-r1 (masked by: ~amd64 keyword)When I try to emerge mate-base/mate I get a message that it is masked ~amd64 - Is this the right package? This is the first time I need to do it so please let me know where I should add this keyword? Last edited by pmam on Mon May 05, 2014 5:48 am; edited 1 time in total: Back to top: xaviermiller Bodhisattva Joined: 23 Jul 2004Quite happy with my amd64 install. mask, missing keyword) - sys-apps/systemd-216::gentoo (masked by: package. 0" have been masked. For more information, see the MASKED PACKAGES section in the emerge man page or refer to the Gentoo Handbook. I had to unmerge the built-in one and download the latest from nvidia and install manually. 1-r1 (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) - media-gfx/exiv2-0. ) However, I was wondering about philosophy, especially about the amd64 archy : [My PC is a amd64 3500+ - 1Go RAM dual rail - SATA WD160]] 1. # The following value is set by default, and does _not_ need explicitly defined. 5::gentoo (masked by: package. Run a emerge --info and paste the contents here it could be a number of things Franky_GEE我想安装某个Package,但是Emerge显示：(masked by: ~amd64 keyword) 这表示这个Package还在测试树(testing tree)中。 请阅读Portage使用手册( man portage )或者 AMD64 Handbook 中的 Mixing Software Branches 章节来获取更多信息。~amd64-x86-alpha-arm-arm64-hppa-ia64-ppc-ppc64-riscv-sparc: 12. Posting here instead of cluttering up the forum with (what I expect to be a) stupid question. 0. Code: emerge -a -uD @ world: Ideally, I would like to do an . done! !!! All ebuilds that could satisfy "linux-firmware" have been masked. For a more casual experience, and less risk of instability or other issues, the Handbook recommends staying on the stable software branch. mask Using one branch Stable The ACCEPT_KEYWORDS variable defines the system's software branch. So I went…Run a emerge --info and paste the contents here it could be a number of things Franky_GEEThis is a very basic question. package. Code:Hi, When I do `emerge --update --deep --newuse world`, it complains about an nvidia-drivers dependency. Della serie "aspetta e spera" Avevo già provato l'overlay kde in un'installazione di testing a parte, ora mi butto anche io nel smascheramento massiccio e nella compilazione. 10 (masked by: -* keyword) - dev-java/sun-jdk-1. - sys-apps/hprofile-3. 2 that require dev-python/puremagic that is masked. For this reason, not all of the packages present in the Gentoo ebuild repository will be immediately. When I emerge world it fails. 0::gentoo" [ebuild])When I run emerge mozilla-firefox, after having masked Firefox 2,it complains by saying "(masked by: ~amd64 keyword)" I do not know. I like very much Gentoo's methodology (packages, conf scripts, . 0-r3 (masked by: package. All ebuilds that could satisfy "sys-power/upower" have been masked. It comes with built-in support for JavaScript, TypeScript and Node. I started off with it set globally and haven't had any issues that checking the bug report for the package on bugs. 6::gentoo (masked by: package. I just dont understand what exactly causes it. 70. 11. 62. !!! One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - net-misc/mDNSResponder-107. 1". 0j but if I do that, a new world. For example, a binary only package which is built for the x86 will look like: * app-text/fdftk [gentoo] Maintainer: [email protected] or one of the subdirectories of /etc/portage/. 2. 2 package as mentioned earlier, run: root # echo "=x11-base/xorg-server-1. 2. Masked packages are not “production ready” so they are not included in the portage tree i. 5-r2. For a more casual experience, and less risk of instability or other issues, the Handbook recommends staying on the stable software branch. So I guess I will have to install kde-games-meta as well. As you may see it's now masked so if i want it i need to ACCEPT_KEYWORDS=~amd64 emerge -v gnome which would install lots of ~packages, even if i do ACCEPT_KEYWORDS=~amd64 emerge -v. All ebuilds that could satisfy "blender" have been masked. The package media-libs/libpulse is masked by the ~amd64 keyword. But so far I only get different messages this is being masked and messages about licences. done! !!! All ebuilds that could satisfy "x11-libs/qt" have been masked. mask Code: emerge kde -pv These are the packages that would be merged, in order:. I`d like to keep nvidia drivers with 390. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - sys-apps/systemd-utils-253. © 2001–2023 Gentoo Authors Gentoo is a trademark of the Gentoo Foundation, Inc. 4. I like very much Gentoo's methodology (packages, conf scripts, . 9. / So many things are masked in portage due to a "~amd64" flag (auto defined?). Hi, ALL, I st successfully finished re-installing Gentoo and set the KDE manager. missing keyword emerge: there are no ebuilds to satisfy "~x11-libs/qt-dbus-4. socket and [email protected]. ) However, I was wondering about philosophy, especially about the amd64 archy : [My PC is a amd64 3500+ - 1Go RAM dual rail - SATA WD160]] 1. My ACCEPT_KEYWORDS is ~amd64-linux, according to emerge --info. The solutions are: Add a line to /etc/portage/package. stepmania-3. You may want to consider switching entirely to the unstable branch. I am currently trying to port gentoo to gumstix computers (check out to see why. Quite happy with my amd64 install. All ebuilds that could satisfy "blender" have been masked. NOTE: Playing with masked packages is like playing with fire. 4. - dev-libs/commonc++-1. / So many things are masked in portage due to a "~amd64" flag (auto defined?). (masked by: ~amd64. 7::gentoo (masked by: package. * version. org shows me that all ebuilds for nvidia-glx and nvidia-kernel are masked! What´s wrong there ?? I am really confused, pls don´t tell me from now I am forced to use the open source nvidia drivers. What is going on with Sun JDK? Everything is masked and I'm stuck with blackdown java. Hi, When I do `emerge --update --deep --newuse world`, it complains about an nvidia-drivers dependency. 9. today i`ve got a message while trying to emerge recent updatesTo achieve this, I have masked off any and all Perl versions that would otherwise update the Perl installation that I already have. These are the packages that would be merged, in order: Calculating dependencies. 0-r4 : 0/11. Hi, When I do `emerge --update --deep --newuse world`, it complains about an nvidia-drivers dependency. All ebuilds that could satisfy "dev-qt/qtmultimedia:5[widgets]" have been masked. This handbook contains the installation instructions for an Internet-based installation and some additional sections for working with Gentoo's native software tools such as the OpenRC init system and the Portage package. 34-r1 (masked by: ~amd64 keyword)One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - sys-apps/systemd-utils-253. 12. When I try to emerge mate-base/mate I get a message that it is masked ~amd64 - Is this the right package? This is the first time I need to do it so please let me know where I should add this keyword? Last edited by pmam on Mon May 05, 2014 5:48 am; edited 1 time in total: Back to top: xaviermiller Bodhisattva Joined: 23 Jul 2004When I try to emerge mate-base/mate I get a message that it is masked ~amd64 - Is this the right package? This is the first time I need to do it so please let me know where I should add this keyword? Last edited by pmam on Mon May 05, 2014 5:48 am; edited 1 time in total: Back to top: xaviermiller Bodhisattva Joined: 23 Jul 2004HOMEPAGE = "KEYWORDS = "~amd64 ~x86 ~ppc ~ppc64" LICENSE = "public-domain" SLOT = "0" # systemd is masked on selinux profiles DEPEND = "sys-apps/systemd" RDEPEND = $. USE flags Local Use Flags. My guess would be on the hardware not being supported by nvidia-drivers starting with version 391. 5. very cool bit of kit). keywords (Check man portage in the package. This project includes special build scripts that clone Microsoft’s vscode repo, run the build commands, and upload the resulting binaries for you to GitHub releases. There is nothing particularly special about mate in this regard. 62. org Knowledge Base:Accepting a keyword for a single package -. Synonyms for Amd64 in Free Thesaurus. 1::gentoo (masked by: package. I am currently trying to port gentoo to gumstix computers (check out to see why. AMD64 3000+ 60GB Ultra ATA/100 HDD 512MB DDR SDRAM IEEE 802. mask which lists the packages that Portage should never try to install. mask, ~amd64 keyword) Yeah, you got it. One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - media-gfx/blender-2. mask I note that these versions of nvidia-drivers are masked. As noted previously, Portage is configurable through many variables which should be defined in /etc/portage/make. 1e::gentoo (masked by: package. 5-r2. This handbook contains the installation instructions for an Internet-based installation and some additional sections for working with Gentoo's native software tools such as the OpenRC init system and the Portage package manager. 5, but what about the previous versions? ----- $ emerge -p sun-jdk These are the packages that I would merge, in order: Calculating dependencies !!! All ebuilds that could satisfy "sun-jdk" have been. 2-r1::gentoo (masked by: package. Or, for just unit names: systemctl list-unit-files | awk '/masked/ {print $1}'. mask, ~amd64 keyword) Best way to do it is to use the --autounmask-write argument to portage which will automatically unmask any keywords / masked dependencies. - (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) For more information, see the MASKED PACKAGES section in the emerge man page or refer to the Gentoo Handbook. # isn't the same as it is for just glibc specifically. As said in the linuxized post, I understand that there are two files : the first one is for unmasking, the second one is for accepting ~amd64 keyword. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - kde-base/kdelibs-4. 15 (masked by: dlj-1. ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="amd64". Spróbuj go skompilować bez ldpap a - jeśli go nie używasz, sprobuj też np bez ipv6 - o ile nie masz jakichś sieci ipv6 w okolicy, lub wyłączyć coś innego (niezbyt potrzebnego), a jeśli nie pomoże, to zajrzyj do ebuilda, to zwykły skrypt powłoki. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - kde-base/kdelibs-4. Practically, that means that it is marked as 'not stable' in the gentoo repos. 6. There are however some times that I would like to install a package - mostly to test something - and the package is masked. Hi, My impression was that kde-meta includes everything. / So many things are masked in portage due to a "~amd64" flag (auto defined?). 6::gentoo (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) 1) What you did for mate is the general procedure for installing unstable packages. NeddySeagoon wrote: zirbschadenpunch, Gentoo has several 'lastest' versions of packages. One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request:. DIGESTS. org, which looks like it hasn't been updated for a couple days), which basically means that it's there for those who are willing to take a big. ) However, I was wondering about philosophy, especially about the amd64 archy : [My PC is a amd64 3500+ - 1Go RAM dual rail - SATA WD160]] 1. . accept_keywords, oops. 4. 3)Hi! I have the same driver issue on my machine (HP dv8002EA), and I am happily working with drivers 8. 5, but what about the previous versions? ----- $ emerge -p sun-jdk These are the packages that I would merge, in order: Calculating dependencies !!! All ebuilds that could satisfy "sun-jdk" have been. However, when I try to emerge --usepkgonly in x86_64, emerge says the package is masked for amd64. mask). How do I unmask it? Don't know if it matters but I am compiling with march=prescott. 5 defaults too -target 1. Practically, that means that it is marked as 'not stable' in the gentoo repos. When I try to emerge mate-base/mate I get a message that it is masked ~amd64 - Is this the right package? This is the first time I need to do it so please let me know where I should add this keyword? Last edited by pmam on Mon May 05, 2014 5:48 am; edited 1 time in total: Back to top: xaviermiller Bodhisattva Joined: 23 Jul 2004All ebuilds that could satisfy "kde-base/kalgebra" have been masked. 0. 9. / So many things are masked in portage due to a "~amd64" flag (auto defined?). 8. 0-r1 (masked by: package. org> # Many things in the tree don't compile with 1. 0-r1. 5, which makes downgrading to a 1. This works fine as far as it goes, but it's causing me problems when I try to do an . doc -hscolour -profile" [ebuild N ~] dev-haskell/wxdirect. 1 (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) - x11-libs/qt-gui-4. - dev-python/pytables-2. AMD's 64-bit processors include the Athlon 64, Opteron, Turion, Neo, Phenom, FX, AX/EX/CX, Ryzen and EPYC families. 6::gentoo (masked by: package. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - kde-base/kdelibs-4. # isn't the same as it is for just glibc specifically. 7-r2::gentoo (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) - net-misc/curl-7. 6. 7::gentoo (masked by: package. !!! One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request:- dev/qt/qtmultimedia-5. 21. Created attachment 682759 [details, diff] I think this solves the issue hey there, it was pretty difficult for me to upgrade the icu slot with the latest chromium-bin update. mask, ~amd64 keyword)Hi, When I do `emerge --update --deep --newuse world`, it complains about an nvidia-drivers dependency. !!! One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - dev-qt/qtmultimedia-5. 0::gentoo (masked by: package. All ebuilds that could satisfy "x11-libs/qt-gui:4" have been masked. !!! One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - net-misc/mDNSResponder-107. For a more casual experience, and less risk of instability or other issues, the Handbook recommends staying on the stable. Tak już jest, że niektóre programy nie kompilują się z taką czy inną flaga, trzeba trochę pokombinować. mask, ~amd64 keyword) - sys-apps/systemd-utils-253. 6. Actually no, it's not stable, it's hard masked (at least on packages. The last thing remaining for the world upgrade is rebuilding x11-libs/vte-0. FILE /etc/portage/make. My ACCEPT_KEYWORDS is ~amd64-linux, according to emerge --info. 5 (masked by: package. 1 (masked by: package. 0-r1 (masked by: ~amd64 keyword) - x11-base/xorg-server-1. 13. 11g 10/100/1000MB Ethernet: Back to top: donjuan. 1 (masked by: package. sys-devel/gcc custom-cflags. One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - sys-apps/hprofile-6. Now, the net-p2p/yggdrasil-go package is masked and marked as unstable using the ~amd64 keyword. mask to prevent one of those packages from being selected. 1 package. 0 to 10. One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - net-misc/curl-7. mask) - sys-apps/systemd-utils-253. (dependency required by "x11-libs/qt-3. . 1-r1 (masked by: package.